剑桥初级语法笔记.doc

现 在 时
: .
3、现在进行时：lam doi ng
以下动词不可用于现在进行时:
like
love
want
know
un derst and
remembe
depend
prefer
hate
n eed
r
mea n
believe
forget
4、 现在进行时的疑问式：Are you doi ng?
5、 一 般现在时：I do/work/like 等
一般现在时用来表示一般性的事实、有时或经常发生的事情： I like big
cities.
Always/ never/ofte n/usually/sometimes 常与一般现在时连用： I n ever eat
breakfast.
6、一般现在时的否定式：I don 'the does n ' t +动词原形
I don ' t have a bath every day.
【every day 表每天，作状语；everyday 表每天的，形容词】
7、一般现在时的疑问式： Do you…？
Do/does
主语
动词原
形
Do
you
work
on
Sundays
Do
your
live
n ear
frie nds
here
Does
Anne
play
tennis
Where
do
Y our
live
frie nds
How
do
you
wash
your
ofte n
hair
What
does
This
word
mea n
How
does
it
cost
to fly
much
to Rome
*What do you do? 表示“你是做什么工作的？”
8、have/have got
(1)
have=have got
has=has got
Don' t
Does n' t
have=have n' t got
have=has n' t got
Do you have=have
Does he have=has
you got
he got
(2) have 表“吃、
喝、拿”时，不能用 have got代替
have
have
breakfast/l un ch/d inner
have a meal/a pizza/a
san dwich
have a cup of coffee
have sth to eat/dri nk
(3)下列短语中，要用 have
have
have a bath/a shower
have a rest/a holiday/a party
have a nice time/a good trip/fu n
have a walk/a swim/a game
have a dream/a n accide nt
have a baby
have a look
15、现在完成时
(1) have done
(2) just/already/yet
Just 表“刚才” :we' ve just arrived.
Already 表“已经”(在预料之前):they ' ve already arrived . (二before you expected )
Yet表“直到现在”(用于否定句和疑问句中)：they haven' t arrived yet .
(3) 现在完成时与 ever (用于疑问句中)/never连用：Have you ever played golf ？
(4) gone 表 “去而未归” ：she has gone to China.
Been 表“去而已归” ：he has been to China.
(5) How long have you …？
She has bee n in Irela nd since Mon day/for three days.
一般现在时
现在完成时
Dan and Kate are married.
They have bee n married for four years.
Are you married?
How long have you bee n married?
现在进行时