剑桥初级语法笔记.docx

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剑桥初级语法笔记
现在时
3、现在进行时：I am doing
以下动词不可用于现在进行时：
like
love
want
know
understand
remember
depend
prefer
hate
need
mean
believe
forget
4、现在进行时的疑问式：Are you doing
5、一般现在时：I do/work/like等
一般现在时用来表示一般性的事实、有时或经常发生的事情：I like big cities.
Always/never/often/usually/sometimes常与一般现在时连用：I never eat breakfast.
6、一般现在时的否定式：I don’t/he doesn’t + 动词原形
I don’t have a bath every day.
【every day 表每天，作状语; everyday 表每天的，形容词】
7、一般现在时的疑问式：Do you…
Do/does
主语
动词原形
Do
you
work
on Sundays
Do
your friends
live
near here
Does
Anne
play
tennis
Where
do
Your friends
live
How often
do
you
wash
your hair
What
does
This word
mean
How much
does
it
cost
to fly to Rome
*What do you do 表示“你是做什么工作的”
8、have/have got
（1）
have=have got
has=has got
Don’t have=haven’t got
Doesn’t have=hasn’t got
Do you have=have you got
Does he have=has he got
（2）have 表“吃、喝、拿”时，不能用have got代替
have
have breakfast/lunch/dinner
have a meal/a pizza/a sandwich
have a cup of coffee
have sth to eat/drink
（3）下列短语中，要用have
have
have a bath/a shower
have a rest/a holiday/a party
have a nice time/a good trip/fun
have a walk/a swim/a game
have a dream/an accident
have a baby
have a look
15、现在完成时
（1）have done
（2）just/already/yet
Just表“刚才”：we’ve just arrived.
Already表“已经”（在预料之前）：they’ve already arrived. （=before you expected）
Yet表“直到现在”（用于否定句和疑问句中）：they haven’t arrived yet.
（3）现在完成时与ever（用于疑问句中）/never连用：Have you ever played golf
（4）gone表“去而未归”：she has gone to China.
Been表“去而已归”：he has been to China.
（5）How long have you…
She has been in Ireland since Monday/for three days.
一般现在时
现在完成时
Dan and Kate are married.
They have been married for four years.
Are you married
How long have you been married
现在进行时
现在完成进行时
I’m learning English.
How long have you been learning English
25、what are you doing tomorrow
I am doing something tomorrow 表示“我已经安排好明天要做某事/我计划明天