大学英语语法 总结.doc

总结
865 附录一
英语貌合神离句与特殊难点
例讲评
附录一
英语貌合神离句与特殊难点360 例讲评
英语貌合神离句, 指的是结构形似而含义不同的英语句子。这类句子由于“貌合”, 易引起误解和误
用, 且出现的频率较高, 是英语学****中的一大难点。事实证明, 即使是已具有相当水平的英语学****者, 如
果平时不注意分析研究, 也往往不辨“庐山真面目”, 看不出这类句子的真正内涵或言外之意。因此, 可
以这样说, 从能否正确理解这类句子, 可以判断出一位英语学****者的英语语言功底和理解能力。另一方
面, 英语中有相当数量的表意丰富、搭配功能强、用法复杂的词汇和特殊难点, 掌握好了, 可以为己所用,
挥洒自如, 妙笔生花; 掌握不了, 则如隔雾看花, 不解真谛, 每每出错。下面的句子大都是英语貌合神离
句和特殊难点的“经典”, 具有典型性和代表性, 如能悉心研读, 必将会发现英语语言的“新大陆”, 得到意
外的惊喜和收获。
1 .
According to the plan , they must finish the work by Monday . 按照计划, 他们必须在星期一
以前完成工作。( 修饰全句)
By Monday they must finish the work according to the plan . 在星期一以前他们必须按照计
划完成工作。( 修饰finish )
2 .
That is my all . 我一切都在那里。(那是我的一切。all 为名词)
All tha t is mine . 那一切都是我的。( all 为形容词)
3 .
Jack has also decided to spend a few days in Aust ria on his way to Switzerland . 杰克也决定
在前往瑞士途中在奥地利逗留几天。( 修饰谓语)
Jack has decided also to spend a few days in Aust ria on his way to Switzerland . 杰克决定在
他前往瑞士途中在奥地利也要逗留几天。( 修饰不定式)
4 .
She had the gr ace at least to admit that she was par tly in the wrong . 至少她很痛快, 承认她
自己也有一部分过错。( 修饰had the grace )
She had the gr ace to admit that she was a t least par tly in the wrong . 她倒很痛快, 承认自己
至少也有些过错。( 修饰pa rtly in the wrong)
5 .
Her speech was reported at length in the newspapers . 她的演讲词在报纸上详细地登载出来。
( = in great detail)
At length , he r speech was r epor ted in the newspapers . 她的演讲词终于在报纸上登载出来。
( = at last )
6 .
We we re passing by a boat house when we met her . 我们从游艇停泊处经过, 碰上了她。
( a place where boats anchor)
We we re passing by a house boat when we met her . 我们从一艘住家船边经过, 碰上了她。
( a boat serving as a house )
7 .
The police made a ca reful study of the book case . 警察仔细察看了书橱。
The police made a ca reful study of the case book . 警察仔细研究了案例。( 判例、案例)
8 .
He took her to a bus sta tion . 他带她到一个汽车站。
He took her to a sta tion bus . 他带她到一辆往返(火) 车站的公共汽车那里。
9 .
They found the empty bottle . 他们找到了空瓶子。( empty 作定语)
They found the bot tle empty . 他们发现瓶子是空着的。( empty 作宾补)
10 .
How people can be