财务报表粉饰分析.ppt

财务报表粉饰分析
讲 授 大 纲
CFE调查报告总结的典型手段
AICPA最新审计准则对舞弊的描述
SEC前主席Arthur Levitt的观点
审计总署（GAO）的调查
报表粉饰的传统手段
报表粉饰的现代手段
财务报表分析框架（Harward Model of )
附录：Sarbanes-Oxley Act
简要介绍该法案对独立董事的启示，特别是与CPA沟通应注意的问题
2021/9/15
2
Overview of Financial Fraud
2021/9/15
3
Biggest Bankruptcies Since 1980
2021/9/15
4
Debts owned to Banks and Institutional Investors by WorldCom ( Total Assets: BV $ 107 billion; MV $15 billion; Total Debts $41 billion)
$ in million
Bank & Trust
Amount
Institutional Investors
amount
JP Morgan Trust Co.
17,
CALPERS

Deutsche Bank

Prudential

ABN Amco Bank

Metropolitan Life Insur.

Citibank

Vanguard

Fleet

Travelers Asset mgt.

Bank One

Northwest Invest. Mgt.

Mellon Bank

Alliance Capital Mgt.

Wells Fargo Bank

American Express

JP Morgan Chase

Wellington Mgt.

精品资料网
2021/9/15
5
Merck’ Faked Revenue
2021/9/15
6
Financial Frauds and Independent Directors
Overview of financial frauds or earnings management
其他公司
Microsoft, GE, IBM, Boeing, Lucent, Cisco, Oracle, AOL, Nortel, Qwest, Tyco, Global Crossing, Cendant, WMX, Sunbeam, Adelphia
公司名称
(事务所名称）
舞弊种类
及金额
是否由AC
发现？
是否由
CPA发现？
独立懂事/
董事会人数
Enron (AA)
虚增利润 6亿美元, 隐瞒负债30多亿美元
否
否
15/17
Xerox (KPMG)
虚增利润15亿美元
否
否
7/9
Rite Aid(KPMG)
虚增利润22亿美元
否
否
7/9
WorldCom
(AA)
虚增利润93亿美元
否
否
9/11
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7
CFE’s Classification Scheme
Fraud
Corruption
Asset
Misappropriation
Fraudulent
Statements
Conflicts of Interest
Bribery
Illegal Gratuities
Economic Extortion
Cash
Fraudulent
Disbursements
Inventories and
All Other Assets
Bogus Revenue
Timing Differences
Concealed L & E
Improper Disclosure
Improper Valuation
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CFE: Duration of by Scheme Type
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9
CFE: Initial Detection of Fraud
发现舞弊方法及比例
雇员举报 %
偶然发现 %
内部控制 %
内部审计 1