肾功能衰竭.ppt

Renal Failure
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Section I .
Introduction
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But also regulate a variety of material in plasma
to maintain the homeostasis of internal environment
(osmolality and acid-base balance)
Kidneys are the principal ans
Not only excrete waste metabolic products
to remove various harmful substances,
Besides, kidneys also produce some bioactive substances
renin, prostaglandins (regulation of blood pressure)
erythropoietin (formation of matured RBCs)
active vitamin D (metabolism of calcium and phosphorus)
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But also regulate a variety of material in plasma
to maintain the homeostasis of internal environment
(osmolality and acid-base balance)
Kidneys are the principal ans
Not only excrete waste metabolic products
to remove various harmful substances,
Besides, kidneys also produce some bioactive substances
renin, prostaglandins (regulation of blood pressure)
erythropoietin (formation of matured RBCs)
active vitamin D (metabolism of calcium and phosphorus)
4
The following pathologic process is termed ''renal failure'':
Glomerular filteration rate↓
Retention of metabolic wastes, Disturbanc of internal environment
Uremia
Renal Failure
Acute renal failure (ARF) (CRF) Cronic renal failure
a serial of clinical manifestations
Various causes
Severely impair renal function
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1. Causes of renal dysfunction
(1) Primary renal disease
(2) Renal injury secondary to systemic diseases.
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1. Causes of renal dysfunction
(1) Primary renal disease
(2) Renal injury secondary to systemic diseases.
1) Glomerular disease
2) Renal tubular disease
3) Interstitial nephritis

4) Others:
glomerulonephritis; nephrotic syndrome
renal glucosuria;
aminoaciduria, renal tubular acidosis
acute or chronic interstitial inflammation
renal injury, tumor, calculus;
obstructive nephropathy;
vascular nephropathy
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1. Causes of renal dysfunction
(1) Primary renal disease
(2) Renal injury secondary to systemic diseases
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1) Circulatory system disease