小学英语语法总结.docx

小学英语语法总结、时态小结时态定义特征动词的变化规则—*第三人称单数的变化情况:般表示经常性或****惯性everyday/morning/ …1.—般情况在词尾直接加-,sh,s,x或o结尾的词加-,将y改成i再加-es时现现在分词的变化情况:-,去掉e再加-,双写最后一个字母加-ing时-——yesterday动词过去式的变化情况:morning/afternoon/evening般表示过去某时发生的lastyear/--,将y改成i再加-ed时morning/afternoon/,双写最后一个字母加-edtomorrowthedayaftertomorrow/般表示将要发生的事情thenextday/Monday…主要构成将来attheweekend/tonightbegoingto/will+动词原形tomorrowbe+形容词时night/morning/afternoon凡是在must,mustn't,can,can't,let's,d,rwillt后a一定要用动词的原形二、名词的复数。名词按其数,可分两种:可数名词和不可数名词•可数名词的复数变化规则:一般情况下,直接在词尾加-s,如:girl-girls,book-books,pen-pens以s,x,sh,ch结尾的词,在词后力口-es,女口:class-classes,box-boxes,match-matches,以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i再力口-es,女口:city-cities,family-families,country-countries以f或fe结尾的,变f或fe为v再力口-es,女口:knife-knives,wife-wives,life-lives,以o结尾的力口-es或-s,女口:radio-radios,tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes,zoo-zoos,photo-photos,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,child-、 形容词的比较级、最高级。形容词有比较级与最高级之分,单音节词的变化规则:一般情况下,直接在词尾力口-er或-est,女口:small-smaller-smallest,short-shorter-shortest以e结尾的,力口-er或-est,女口:large-larger-largest,nice-nicer-+y结尾的,变y为i再力口-er或-est,女口:busy-busier-busiest,heavy-heavier-,一个辅音字母结尾的,双写该字母,再加-er或-est,女口:big-bigger-biggest,thin-thinner-,前力口more,most,女口:beautiful-morebeautiful--better-best四、 be动词,助动词。现阶段be动词形式有:am,is,are,were,was,isn 't,aren't,weren't,wasn't助动词形式有:do,does,did,don't,doesn't,didn' ,有be动词的就在be动词上变化,变过去”,否定”;否定过去否定am amnot(第一人称 “Iam)is was wasn'tis isn'第三人称)are were weren'tare aren't(yo和其它人称)没有be动词的就要加助动词;否定过去过去否定do——don'--t---did didn'tdoes(第三人称单数)——doesn' did didn't五•人称代词主语物主代词宾格形容词性名词性myminemesheherhersherhehishishimttsitsityouyouryoursyouweouroursus:hey:heirtheirsthem六•特殊疑问词WhatisthisWhatisthisinEnglishWhatisthematterWhatistheweatherlikeWhatisthecountrylikeWhatisshe/he/WhatdoyoulikeWhatWhat