An?Analysis?on?the?Interpretation?of?the?Patent?Claim? in?the?Infringement?Litigations?of?Patent.doc

中文提要
专利制度是近代法律制度中创设的一项重要成果,以“为天才之火添加利益之油”的方式推动技术革新,并已成为当今社会重要的产权制度。专利制度被学者称为“权利要求的游戏”,权利要求在专利法中的重要地位由此可见一斑。
然而,由于语言文字含义的模糊性、滞后性,专利权利要求书撰写要求的缺陷以及不同主体对权利要求的不同理解,专利权的保护范围也变得模糊、不易确定。因此,有必要采用一定的方法对专利权利要求进行解释,以明确专利权的保护范围。为此,各国在司法实践中不断创设新的解释规则和方法,这些规则和方法的适用使得专利制度从整体上呈现出一种强调明确专利权保护范围的趋势。本文首先对专利权利要求解释的概念、必要性与特殊性进行了阐述,并对目前专利权利要求解释的核心理念、原则和方法加以梳理;然后,结合我国现阶段法院在司法实践中针对相关问题的观点,探究目前专利侵权诉讼中法院创设的新的裁判规则和方法,及目前法院对专利权利要求解释的整体趋势;最后,对专利侵权诉讼中权利要求解释的发展趋势进行简要分析,并针对不足之处提出部分粗浅的完善意见。
关键词:权利要求解释;专利侵权诉讼;司法判例;解释方法
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An Analysis on the Interpretation of the Patent Claim
in the Infringement Litigations of Patent
Abstract
Patent system is a significant achievement of modern legal system. It promotes technological innovation by ‘adding the fuel of interest to the fire of genius’, and has already e a crucial property in the present society. In the patent system, the patent claims occupies an important position in the patent law, as known as ‘a claim game’ called by some scholars .
However, the implication of language is quite vague and hysteretic, and the patent claims have some structural defects, together with different subjects having different understanding of the claim, so the protection scope of patent es blurry. It es very necessary to explain the patent claims requirements by some definite methods, in order to determine the protection scope of patent. For this purpose, many countries created new methods and interpretation rules in the judicial practice, with a result that it made the patent system showing a trend of emphasizing a clear protection scope of patent. Firstly, this paper expounds the concept, necessity and particularity of the patent claims interpretation, and teases the core concepts, principles and methods of the interpretation of patent claims. And then it explores the new rules and methods created by the courts in patent infringement issues, and the trend of the courts interpreted the patent claim, combining with the views of courts in judicial practice