高中语法特殊句式.doc

(一)完全倒装(Full Inversion)
谓语动词完全放在主语之前的句子,便是完全倒装句。这类句型主要有两种:
,如:here , there ,then ,up ,down ,in ,away ,off ,out ,in the room, on the wall 等置于句首,且主语是名词时。
如: South of the river lies a small factory.
In she came. (主语是代词,不倒装)
置于句首时。
如: Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest scientist.
(二)部分倒装(Partial Inversion)
只把谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前的句子,叫部分倒装句。这类句型主要有三种:
修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句,且放在句首时。如:
Only in this way can we learn English well.
Only after the war learned he the sad news.
Only when he returned did we find out the truth.
never , nor , not , hardly , little , seldom , scarcely , rarely及表否定意义的介词短语at no time , under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition , hardly ...when , so sooner ...than, in no time等置于句首时。
如: Never before have I seen such a moving film. =I have never seen such a moving film before.
在虚拟条件句中,如果省略 if,可把were , had 或 should 提到句首。
如: Were it not for your help, I wouldn't have got what I have today.
:
(1). … so + be/助动词/情态动词+主语“……也是如此”。
They love having lots of friends; so do I.
使用特点:
①.此句型也可写成“It is the same with …”,或“so it is with …”
They love having lots of friends; it is the same with those with disabilities / so it is with those with disabilities.
②.如果句意不是“…也是如此”,而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和(此时的so=indeed),那么,句子不可使用倒装。试比较:
A: I was afraid. (句中的I