英语：句子结构--简单句.ppt

英语句子概论
基本成分
附属成分
独立成分
省略成分
连接成分
简单句
并列句
复合句
主语+ 不及物动词( S + Vi )
主语+ 及物动词+宾语( S + Vt + O)
主语+ 系动词+ 表(S + LV + predicative)
主语+双宾动词+间宾+直宾(S +Vt ++O. dir)
主语+ 宾补动词+宾语+宾语补语
(S + Vt. + O + O. compl)
There + be / stand/ lie / live...
简单句的五种基本句型
主语、动词(不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词)、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。
完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分,至多4个基本成分。
noun
adj. / adv.
infinitive
V-ing
V-ed
etc.
主语
谓语
宾语
宾语
宾补
表语
宾语(直)
宾语(间)
Vt
V-l
Vi
Noun / Pronoun
The + adj
V-ing / Clause
Infinitive
Noun / Pronoun /
The + adj
V-ing / Clause / Infinitive
英语句子基本成分示意图
be / feel / seem / look
appear / stand / lie
e /get / grow / turn
go / come / remain/ keep
taste / smell etc.
noun
pronoun
adj. / adv.
infinitive
V-ing / V-ed
clause
etc.
主语+ 不及物动词
She came./ My head aches.
主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语
She likes English.
主语+ 系动词+ 主语补语
She is happy.
主语+ 双宾动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语
She gave John a book.
She bought a book for me.
主语+ 宾补动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补语
She makes her mother angry.
The teacher asked me to read the passage.
There +be
There lies a book on the desk.
简单句基本句型实例
简单句的基本句型
主语+连系动词+表语
:turn e get go fall grow
:be seem appear
The cake tastes _____.
good
:feel seem look sound taste smell
:e prove turn
:stay keep remain continue
es after a time.
easy
+不及物动词
Tom died.
Great changes have taken place .
注意几个“发生”:happen take place
break out occur
----- How old is she?
----- She has just turned 40.
The play prove to be good.
fall ill/lame/silent/asleep
She turned teacher but her brother became a doctor.
+及物动词+宾语
We study English.
We thought the plan over all the night.
We are living a happy life.
+及物动词+间宾+直宾
I gave him some money.
或 I gave some money to him.
+及物动词+宾语+宾补
We think the job easy.
We made him monitor .
The teacher asks us to read English more .
注意:省to
The teacher lets\makes\have\ us read English more.
We practise writing in English.
(形容词做宾补)
(名词做宾补)
(动词不定式)
(动名词做宾补)
一感, 二听, 三让, 四看, 半帮助
主谓宾结构
此结构为:主语+及物动词+宾语+其它成分