What is altruism利他主义.docx

该【What is altruism利他主义】是由【鼠标】上传分享，beplayapp体育下载一共【2】页，该beplayapp体育下载可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【What is altruism利他主义】的内容，可以使用beplayapp体育下载的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的beplayapp体育下载，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此beplayapp体育下载到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。What?is?altruism?Our?daily?life?is?filled?with?small?acts?of?altruism,?from?the?one?at?the?grocery?storewho?kindly?holds?the?door?open?as?you?rush?in?to?a?man?who?dives?into?an?icy?river?torescue?a?drowning?stranger.?Altruism?seems?familiar?to?us,?however,?what?we?exactlyknow?about?altruism?is?like?a?tip?of?an?iceberg.?Altruism?means?the?principle?or?practice?of?unselfish?concern?for?or?devotion?to?thewelfare?of?others.?It?involves?doing?things?simply?out?of?a?desire?to?help,?not?becauseyou?feel?obligated?to?or?out?of?duty,?loyalty,?orreligious?reasons.?For?instance,?youdevote?money?to?the?earthquake?area?or?you?help?the?victim?catch?the?thief?notconsidering?your?safety.?Therefore,?altruism?can?also?be?expressed?as?helping?behavioror?prosocial?behavior.?There?are?several?reasons?for?why?altruism?exists,?including?biological?reasons,?socialnorms,cognitive?reasons?and?so?on.?Kin?selection?is?a?significant?symbol?of?biologicalreasons,?indicating?that?people?would?be?more?altruistic?to?those?we?are?related?tobecause?it?will?increase?the?probability?that?our?blood?relations?will?survive?or?benefit.?Secondly,?social?rules?and?expectation?also?influence?whether?people?engage?inaltruism?behavior?or?not.?For?example,?some?people?will?save?other?withoutconsidering?their?own?safety?because?this?kind?of?behavior?is?advocated?by?our?society.?Thirdly,?although?altruism?means?selfless?concern?for?others,?there?are?some?unobvious?cognitive?incentives?under?it.?The?cognitive?reason?mainly?involves?twoaspects,?one?is?empathy,?which?shows?that?people?are?more?likely?to?help?othersunselfishly?when?they?feel?empathy?for?the?person?who?is?in?distress,?and?the?other?oneis?helping?relieve?negative?feelings.?These?three?reasons?mainly?bring?about?andinfluence?the?existence?of?altruism.?According?to?individual?performance?of?the?entire?biosphere,?altruism?can?be?dividedinto?three?types,?including?kin?altruism,?reciprocal?altruism?and?pure?altruism.?Kinaltruism,?the?most?stable?mon?form?of?behavior?pattern,?refers?to?individualhelps?or?sacrifices?without?reward?for?their?blood?relations.?Reciprocal?altruism?meansunrelated?individual?help?each?other,?expecting?for?further?rewards?or?benefits.?On?thecontrary,?pure?altruismreferstothealtruiststhatdon’tk?forwardloo?for?any?return?atall.?Altruism?patterns?above?exist?in?our?society?and?can?make?our?world?moreharmonious.?After?the?prehension?of?the?definition,?main?causes?and?patterns?of?altruism,it?can?be?known?that?altruism?is?a?ponent?of?virtue?in?our?lives?for?it?canpromote?our?country?step?forward?.