初中时态讲解.doc

该【初中时态讲解 】是由【taoapp】上传分享，beplayapp体育下载一共【13】页，该beplayapp体育下载可以免费在线阅读，需要了解更多关于【初中时态讲解 】的内容，可以使用beplayapp体育下载的站内搜索功能，选择自己适合的beplayapp体育下载，以下文字是截取该文章内的部分文字，如需要获得完整电子版，请下载此beplayapp体育下载到您的设备，方便您编辑和打印。both,either,neither,none,all,every的用法()()()3.--Whichwouldyoulike,acupofteaoraglassofmilk?---’();;;;butalso(),()6—eonMondayorTuesday?—I':冠词(一)冠词种类:不定冠词a(用在以辅音因素开头的单词前,如:agirl/boy))an(用在以辅音因素开头的单词前,如:anapple/hour)定冠词:the这;那(二)学法指导:“泛指”,定冠词是“特指”,如:aboy一个男孩;thegirl那/,只能放在名词前。(三)口诀:不定冠词用法口诀??:名词是秃子?常要戴帽子?可数名词单?需用a?或?an?辅音前用a??元音前用an?碰到代词时冠词均不现定冠词用法口诀:?特指双熟悉??上文已提及?世上独无二??序数最高级?零冠词口诀?:代词限定名词前??专有名词不可数?学科球类三餐饭??两季星期月份前?颜色语种和国名??称呼****语和头衔常考:学科球类三餐不带冠乐器名词要用the练****一般用法及固定搭配)常考:;;;;./;;;;’;;;;,;;;;./;the;aB./;/;aC./;/;;the;/;;/C./;;/用a、an、the填空::是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。如:girl/boy,apple/desk/,information/advice名词的分类:专有名词和普通名词。普通名词又分为个体名词、:可数名词和不可数名词。名词所有格:-‘s格和of格。中考链接:Couldyoupleasegetmesome_______?I’.---Whereareyougoing,Sam?---Thereisn’’,we’--’.---It’sconvenienttotravelfromEzhoutoWuhanbytakingthenewly-builtgreenrailway.---’-’’drive7..’’--hour8.---Whenis____Day?---It’sonJane1st,’’’’’’sandmen’s10.—etoSouthKoreaforthe_____ofseeingyourfamilyordoingbusiness.---(全球变暖)bringus?.---Lookattheclouds,sobeautiful!---Wow,somanydifferent_____,horses,sheep,flowers…:动词动词是表示动作和状态的词。如:玩play,工作work。(一)动词的五种基本形式:动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。如:动词原形—三单—过去式—过去分词—现在分词play—_______—_______—_______—_______work—_______—_______—_______—_______study—_______—_______—_______—_______go—_______—_______—_______—_______do—_______—_______—_______—_______(二)动词分类::有实实在在意思的动词。如::(1)be动词:包括______________________________________________________(2)感官动词:包括_______________________________________________________(3)其他词:e(变成),turn(变成),grow(变得),get(变得),keep(保持),stay(保持)补充:系动词接的是形容词,后不可接副词。?实义动词要用副词修饰。练****1.?_______?everyone?here?today???A.?Be???????????B.?Are?????????????C.?Is??????????????D.?Am?2.?Harry?is?older?than?I.?But?he?_______?younger?than?I.??A.?look???????B.?looks?????????C.?looked?????????D.?looking?3.?It?_______?like?the?singing?of?the?birds.?A.?sounds???????B.?looks????????C.?smells????????????D.?tastes??4.?This?kind?of?cake?tastes?_______.??A.?good???????B.?well??????C.?to?be?good?????????D.?to?be?well?5.?The?children?all?looked?_______?at?the?broken?model?plane?and?felt?quite?.?sad,?sad?????????B.?sadly,?sadly??????C.?sad,?sadly???????????D.?sadly,?sad?,sowecan’.?easy,?easily?????????B.??easily,easy??????????C.?easy,easy??????????D.?easily,easily????7.?In?winter?the?days?_______?colder?and?colder.??A.?gets??????B.?getting????????C.?got???????????D.?get??(4)情态动词:包括must_____,can(could)______,may(might_______,should______,would________;need_______等。(5)助动词用法:助动词用来帮助实义动词构成时态和语态。助动词具有语法意义,但没有词汇意义,不可单独作谓语。英语中助动词有哪些(1)do,does(帮助构成时的_____句,______句______句)练****用do/does/don’t/doesn’t填空①______?he?watch?TV?at?night???Yes,?he???????.??②.---______?you?go?to?school?everyday???No,?I???_______????.?③.______?Jack?and?Peter?like?apples??④.?______?Tina?go?swimming?on?Sunday??⑤.______they?play?football??Yes,?they______????⑥.?(2)did(帮助构成时的_____句,______句,________句)练****______theygotothebeachlastSunday?特殊疑问句:_____________theygolastSunday?(3)has,have(帮助构成时的_____句,______句,_______句,_________句)练****______youownedthisbikeforthreeyears特殊疑问句:____________youownedthisbike?(4)had(帮助构成时的_____句,_______句,______句,________句)(5)will,shall(帮助句子变成时的_____句,______句,______句。will的主语可以是任何人称,而shall的主语必须是第一人称_____和_____)练****_________________________________________________特殊疑问句:_________________________________________________(6)would,should(帮助句子变成时的_____句,______句,______句)Shesaidshewouldstudyhardtogetgoodgrades.(三)时态:在英语中为了表示不同时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,要使用不同的时态,一个时态一种动词形式。在英语中,时态的变化就是谓语动词的变化。?名称时间主动语态动词形式被动语态动词形式一般现在时平时,经常一般过去时过去(与现在无关)一般将来时即将,将来现在进行时正在进行过去进行时过去某一时间,在进行现在完成时过去(与现在有关时态定义谓语动词结构例句一般现在时经常性****惯性的动作或状态(often/always/usually/sometimes/everyyear…)(am/is/are)(be)(like)(like)(now/Look!/Listen!...)am/is/are+V-ingI_________(read)(dance)(yesterday/lastyear/2daysago/in2000…)(was/were)(be)(go)+V-ingI_________(read)(dance),或打算、计划要做的事(atthattime/at8yesterday…)+V-+V-原Tom________(go)(nothave)).过去的动作对现在有影响;2).过去某时发生的动作一直延续到现在(ever曾经,already已经,yet还For+时间段,for+时间点/一般过去时have/has+V过分I_________(read)(decide)(learn). 定义:表示经常性的事情,经常性的动作或一般性事实。时间状语:_____经常,_____通常,_____总是,_____每个,_____有时,等等。:(1)一般动词直接在词尾加-:ask---asks????work---works?get---gets?????stay---stays(2)以字母s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es. 如:watch---watches??wish---wishes?fix---fixes???????do---doesgo---goes????(3)以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词,先变y为i再加-es. try---tries????study---studiescry---cries?????fly---。如:be----_______?have----_________补充:只有当主语第三人称单数时用动词的“三单变化”,其他人称及复数动词用原形。二****惯性,,often,usually,always,everyday(year,month),once(twice,threetimes)aday,等时间状语连用。,科学原理,自然现象,等客观事实或格言,谚语等。三、一般现在时的句子转换:;cannot=_______在be动词或情态动词时,则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在疑问句前加特殊疑问词变成特殊疑问句。 例:①肯定句:Sheisastudent. 否定句→→_______astudent??特殊疑问句→____isshe?②陈述句:Icanswim. 否定句→→____youswim ,也没有情态动词时,在谓语动词前加助动词don’t或doesn’t变成否定句;在主语前加助动词do或does变成一般疑问句问句;在疑问句前加特殊疑问词变成特殊疑问句。助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。 例:①肯定句:Weoftengetupat7:→We_____getupat7:00everymorning. 疑问句→_____yougetupat7:00everymorning? 特殊疑问句→____doyouoftengetupeverymorning? ②陈述句:Shehasalittlebrother. 疑问句→_____shehavealittlebrother? 否定句→She____havealittlebrother. (go)toschoolatseveno’clock. (get)upat17:00. (live)inBeijing. (be)herejustnow. (be)thereafly?onthetablejustnow? (watch)TVeveryevening. (read)Englisheveryday? (go)(do)heusually______(do)afterschool? (read)Englisheveryday? (have)onMonday? (do)thehousework? 一般过去时讲解及练****定义:一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语:yesterday?morning(afternoon,?evening),last?night,?last?year?(winter,?month,?week等。:(1)一般动词直接在词尾加-ed;(2)以e结尾的单词直接加-d;(3)辅音字母+y结尾的,把y变为i再加-ed;(4)双写尾字母再加-ed;(5)一些不规则单词的变化请看课本p137-138。练****写出下列单词的过去式work-----_______dance-----_______go----_______finish----_______play----_______like----_______be----e----______have----_______study-----______take-----_______begin----______make----______do----______give----______三、一般过去时的句子转换:,在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句;在be动词或情态动词could等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在疑问句前加特殊疑问词变成特殊疑问句。 例:肯定句:Shewasastudentlastyear. 疑问句→_______astudentlastyear.?? 否定句→She_______astudentlastyear..,也没有情态动词时,在谓语动词前加助动词didn’t变成否定句;在主语前加助动词did变成一般疑问句问句;助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。在疑问句前加特殊疑问词变成特殊疑问句。 例:①肯定句:Wegotupat7:00yesterdaymorning. 疑问句:_____yougetupat7:00yesterdaymorning? 否定句:We_____getupat7:00yesterdaymorning..请用正确动词形式填空。(have).---_____she_____(practice)herguitaryesterday?---No,.---What________Tom________(do)onSaturdayevening?---He________(watch)TVand__________(read)(go)(notvisit)(stay)athomeand_____(do)(write)thissong?I_____(write)(do)theprojectonMondaymorning?Yes,(be)Jim'sweekend?It_________(benot)(be)yourmotherasalesassistantlastyear?:?1示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态;⒉也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作,常与表示将来的时间状语连用。时间状语:tomorrow?,?tomorrow?morning?/?afternoon?,?the?day?after?tomorrow?,?next?year?,?next?month?,?from?now?on?(从现在开始),in?an?hour?(一小时后),in?two?days?/?weeks?,soon,?in?the?future?等。?谓语结构:+动词原形(______用于所有人称,_______只用于第一人称________)+动词原形(这里的be包括_____________)注:will和be?going?to?的区别:??⑴?be?going?to表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情;will表示的将来时间则较远一些。??⑵?be?going?to?表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。???⑶?be?going?to?含有“计划,准备”的意思,而?will?则没有这个意思。???⑷.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用?be?going?to,?而多用will。??⑸.问对方是否愿意,或表示客气的邀请或命令时,常用Will?you?(please)???,在will/shall后加not变成否定句;willnot=_______;shallnot=________把will/shall提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在疑问句前加特殊疑问词变成特殊疑问句;在疑问句前加特殊疑问词变成特殊疑问句。在will/shall后面加not变成否定句。willnot缩写为______,shallnot缩写为_______。,在be动词之后加not变成否定句;把be提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在疑问句前加特殊疑问词变成特殊疑问句。练****肯定句:??He?is?going?to?write?a?letter?tonight.?否定句:He?_____?going?to?write?a?letter?tonight.?????????疑问句:_____?he?going?to?write?a?letter?tonight.?②肯定句:??He?will?be?fifteen?years?oldnextyear.???否定句:He?_____be?fifteen?years?oldnextyear.?疑问句:_____he?be?fifteen?years?:_______________he?be?nextyear?单选:??(???)1.??There?__________?a?meeting?tomorrow?afternoon.??A.?will?be?going?to????????????B.?will?going?to?be??C.?is?going?to?be?????????????D.?will?go?to?be??(???)2.??Charlie?________?here?next?month.????A.?isn’t?working???????B.?doesn’t?working??C.?isn’t?going?to?working????????D.?won’t?work??(???)?3.??He?________?very?busy?this?week,?he?________?free?next?week.????A.?will?be;?is?????????B.?is;?is???C.?will?be;?will?be??????????????D.?is;?will?be??(???)?4.??There?________?a?dolphin?show?in?the?zoo?tomorrow?evening.????A.?was????????B.?is?going?to?have??C.?will?have???????D.?is?going?to?be??(???)?5.??–________?you?________?free?tomorrow??????–?No.?I?________?free?the?day?after?tomorrow.??A.?Are;?going?to;?will??